If two or more switches happen to have the same priority (i.e. The lowest bridge ID becomes the root bridge. The rule is, the lower the BID the better. The BID is a combination of the priority value (default:32768) and the MAC address of the switch. The Bridge ID is used to determine the root bridge. All traffic passing from one segment to another in the network must pass the root bridge. All bridges in the same domain must agree on the same root.The root bridge has all its ports in the forwarding state. Each switch must have an active path to the root bridge. The root bridge is the master bridge of the spanning tree which all paths calculations are based upon. Today we are going to discover how STP is actually doing this function. As we mentioned in one of our previous posts, STP was developed to allow redundancy in the L2 network while maintaining a loop free network.
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